GERMANY: Potentially Significant Court Ruling on Solidarity Surcharge Tomorrow
Mar-25 11:48
A constitutional court judgement on the "solidarity surcharge" is scheduled for tomorrow, bringing with it a risk we feel has been going under the radar. An outcome against the German federal government could mean up to E65bln (1.5% GDP) of surcharge repayments to taxpayers in a worst case scenario, deemed unlikely but a noteworthy risk.
- The solidarity surcharge is a levy calculated as 5.5% of income, corporation and capital gains taxes - but since 2021, the portion applying on income taxes only applies to high-earners. It was initially set up in 1990 to finance parts of the integration of eastern Germany into the united federal state, and the court now rules against an appeal from a set of FDP politicians who see the surcharge being unconstitutional since at least end-2019, when the so-called Solidarity Pact II in Germany ran out. The plaintiffs also see the solidarity surcharge to tread a subset of taxpayers unequally.
- For 2025, the previous draft budget envisaged solidarity surcharge receipts of 12.75 billion euros. While this would have to be found elsewhere if the surcharge is ruled against, the government effectively created fiscal headroom for any yearly budgets with the recent partial exemption of military spending from the debt brake, so we would expect any gap in the near-term to be filled.
- More significant however would be a successful retroactive appeal: since 2020, which is when the plaintiffs claim the surcharge became unconstitutional, a total E65bln was paid by taxpayers under the scheme. That would have to be refunded in a worst-case scenario, worth ~1.5% of 2024 GDP.
- For context, the 2025 draft budget included expenses of E488.6bln and revenues excl. net issuance of E437.3bln - leaving planned net issuance at E51.3bln.
- A ruling against the German federal government should raise the fiscal burden for the national government but provide some relief to consumers and enterprises - which should put some downside pressure on Bunds and upside pressures on the Euro. The ruling is scheduled for tomorrow, 9am GMT, and news on the outcome should break soon after.
- Local media reports on the topic tend to view the worst case outcome of the full E65bln repayment as rather unlikely, but highlight the typical uncertainty around constitutional court judgements.
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STIR: July Fed Cut Priced Back In
Feb-21 21:14
The next Fed rate cut is again fully priced for the July meeting, following a 6bp futures-implied move today on the back of soft Services PMI data exacerbated in the afternoon by a risk-off move in equities.
- This comes following a run of mixed-at-best data (retail sales, housing starts, various consumer and business surveys) in the last week and is the first time a July cut has been priced since Feb 7 (just prior to January payrolls data) - previously it was priced for September.
- There's now almost two rate cuts priced through the end of the year (47bp through the December FOMC, an increase of 9bp on the day), the most seen since Feb 5.
- For the week, implied 2025 rate cuts have ranged between 35 and 48bp (the latter seen in the last hour of trade)
- See our US Macro Weekly for more on what to watch next week, with PCE and GDP the data highlights.
| Meeting | Current FF Implieds (%), LH | Cumulative Change From Current Rate (bp) | Incremental Chg (bp) | Prior Session (Feb 20) | Chg Since Then (bp) | End of Last Week (Feb 14) |
| Mar 19 2025 | 4.32 | -1.5 | -1.5 | 4.32 | -0.9 | 4.32 |
| May 07 2025 | 4.25 | -8.4 | -6.9 | 4.28 | -3.1 | 4.28 |
| Jun 18 2025 | 4.14 | -19.4 | -11.0 | 4.18 | -4.2 | 4.18 |
| Jul 30 2025 | 4.07 | -26.2 | -6.8 | 4.13 | -6.0 | 4.13 |
| Sep 17 2025 | 3.97 | -35.7 | -9.5 | 4.04 | -6.5 | 4.04 |
| Oct 29 2025 | 3.92 | -41.2 | -5.5 | 4.00 | -8.0 | 3.99 |
| Dec 10 2025 | 3.86 | -47.3 | -6.1 | 3.95 | -8.8 | 3.93 |
US TSYS: Late Risk-Off Support Lends to Weak Data Support
Feb-21 20:29
- Treasuries look to finish near session highs Friday, second half support spurred by risk-off sentiment as wires recirculated report of a new Covid strain out of China with "pandemic potential" (SCMP).
- Tsy Mar'25 10Y futures climbed to 109-24 high (+18.5), still shy of initial technical resistance at 110-00 (High Feb 7 and the bull trigger); 10Y yield fell to 4.4042% low; curves mixed: 2s10s -1.123 at 22.205, 5s30s +.956 at 40.929. Heavy volumes (TYH over 3.3M tied to quarterly roll action, June takes lead next Friday).
- Early Treasury support triggered by weaker than expected data: flash S&P PMIs w/ composite at 50.4 (cons 53.2) after 52.7 in Jan, services (49.7 vs cons 53.0, after 52.9); and existing home sales were softer than expected in January at 4.08m (cons 4.13m) after an upward revised 4.29m (initial 4.24m). UofM data showed a worrying rise in long-term inflation expectations alongside a deterioration in consumer sentiment.
- US stocks fell hard, DJIA back to January 21 levels while SPX Eminis and Nasdaq withdrew to last Thursday lows. Trading desks also cited today's call weighted option expiration that has historically leaned toward bearish price action in the week after.
- Late weekend focus on German elections take focus over the weekend, before New Zealand retail sales and German IFO data cross. There is a public holiday in Japan Monday.
LOOK AHEAD: The Week Ahead: 2nd Q4 GDP and January PCE Reports
Feb-21 20:05
- The upcoming US economic calendar is backloaded, with the second release for Q4 national accounts on Thursday before the January PCE report on Friday. Real GDP growth is seen confirming what was at the time a softer than expected 2.3% annualized in Q4, whilst there will also be a first estimate for real GDI growth after 2.1% in Q3.
- Much of the relative GDP weakness in Q4 after two quarters averaging 3.0% came from a large drag from inventories. It should continue to show signs of robust domestic demand after personal consumption increased 4.2% annualized in the advance release.
- However, January’s monthly report is likely to show consumption got off to a much weaker start of 2025. Recall that retail sales were far weaker than expected in January as they slid -0.9% M/M (cons -0.2) along with an even larger miss for the control group at -0.8% M/M (cons 0.3) to more than unwind the previously strong 0.8% M/M increase in December. Early days for the Bloomberg consensus currently see real personal spending growth of -0.1% M/M in Jan after 0.4% in Dec.
- As for inflation, Governor Waller cited estimates for core PCE inflation of around 0.25% M/M and it likely rounding to 2.6% Y/Y with some help from modest upward revisions.
- Base effects will have helped it drop from the 2.8% Y/Y averaged in Q4 whilst recent run rates should look a little more favorable (2.1% and 2.4% annualized over three and six months assuming no revisions). Note that revisions will go back to Q4, reflecting the new seasonal adjustment factors for both CPI and PPI, but longer dated revisions will have to wait for the comprehensive national account revisions due in September.
